Enhancing information retrieval through effective cataloguing and classification in a hybrid library system

Abstract

The methods used for cataloguing and classification have changed significantly, as the traditional setting of libraries has given way to a hybrid one. This paper examines how technological advancements, classification schemes, and metadata standards work together to facilitate efficient information retrieval in hybrid library systems. It considers classification schemes such as the Library of Congress Classification and the Dewey Decimal Classification, as well as key cataloguing tools including MARC21, Resource Description and Access, and Online Public Access Catalogues, and it assesses how well these instruments align with digital workflows. Particular attention is given to Nigeria, where real world examples from institutions such as Ahmadu Bello University and Covenant University illustrate challenges including insufficient information and communication technology infrastructure, a shortage of qualified staff, and uneven metadata quality. The impact of emerging technologies on cataloguing is also examined, including linked data, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence. The paper further discusses ethical dilemmas such as algorithmic bias and cultural representation, and it concludes by promoting localised metadata standards, continuous staff training, and inclusive system design to improve access and retrieval in hybrid library systems. The analysis of best practices for regulating bibliographic control and enhancing service delivery offered here can assist academic libraries that are leading the digital shift.